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What is it?
Scleroderma is a condition that predominantly affects
the skin, but can also affect different parts of the body with symptoms
varying enormously. Symptoms can generally be well managed with
appropriate treatment.
Why does it occur?
The exact cause of scleroderma is unknown. Current research suggests
that problems in the connective tissues (tissues that hold together
muscle, blood vessels, fat and skin) can result in the tissue becoming
damaged and replaced by scar tissue.
Whom does it effect?
Scleroderma affects more women than men. Often the onset occurs
between the ages of 20 and 40 years but it can occur at any age.
It does not appear to be inherited.
Types
Scleroderma may affect the skin alone (a condition called morphea)
but when other organs are involved it is generally divided into
two types:
1. Limited scleroderma, when only the skin below the elbow and on
the face is affected.
2. Diffuse scleroderma when skin all over the body is affected.
Outlook
For most people scleroderma is not systemic (ie involving other
parts of the body) or progressive. For many, scleroderma presents
as a mild skin condition. However, some people may have involvement
throughout the body.
The Symptoms
Symptoms vary greatly from person to person and also depend on what
part of the body is involved. Symptoms may include any of the following:
" thickening of the skin, particularly on the fingers, arms
and sometimes face
colour changes in the hands and feet, usually from pale to
blue to red, often after exposure to the cold (Raynaud's disease)
small calcium deposits in the form of nodules on the fingertips
and bony prominences
stiffness in the muscles and joints
indigestion or heartburn
diarrhoea or constipation
lung or kidney impairment
Diagnosis
There is no single test for scleroderma. Diagnosis will usually
involve a physical examination and medical history and may include
further tests such as blood tests and sometimes a skin biopsy.
Management
Management will depend on individual symptoms. It may include:
Medication to slow the progression of skin involvement or
to decrease the severity of Raynaud's disease. Special medication
may be started if the lungs or kidneys are involved. Raynaud's disease
may be reduced by avoiding changes in temperature and by using gloves
and other warming devices.
Exercise to preserve range of motion and improve overall
health.
Skin protection.
Stress management.
Education
A better understanding of scleroderma will greatly assist you in
making decisions about the management of your condition. Arthritis
SA's education programs can assist you to develop the skills and
knowledge needed to make these decisions. They also provide opportunities
to meet others in similar situations. Arthritis SA can also put
you in touch with local support groups, other relevant organisations
and appropriate exercise groups for your condition.
This information was written by Jane Motley for Arthritis Victoria.
The information presented is not intended to replace the medical
advice of your doctor or health care provider. Arthritis SA recommends
that you consult your doctor about specific medical conditions.
Other information and resources available
from Arthritis SA
Scleroderma Fact Sheet
• Email: advisors@arthritissa.org.au
(please include your postal address in email)
Lupus, Scleroderma and Sjögren's SA
Support Group
Click here "Branches & Support
Groups" > "Lupus, Scleroderma, Sjögren's SA"
for further information
Telephone Advisory Service
9.30am - 3.30pm, Mon - Fri
8379 5711 or country free call on 1800 011 041
Library
The Scleroderma Book by Maureen Mayes, 199
Helpful Hints for living with Scleroderma
International Conference on Scleroderma, Scleroderma Association
of NSW (Video)
Borrowing privileges extend to members only
Book Sales
Learning and living with Scleroderma and Lupus
For price and order details please contact Arthritis SA
• 8379 5711 or country free call on 1800 011 041
• Email: info@arthritissa.org.au
(please include your name and business hours phone number in email)
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