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What is it?
Polymyalgia rheumatica is a condition associated with
moderate to severe muscle pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulder
and hip area. It can develop very rapidly (eg: overnight) or more
gradually.
Why does it occur?
The cause of polymyalgia rheumatica is unknown. Genetic
and environmental factors may play a role.
Who does it effect?
Polymyalgia rheumatica mainly affects those over 50 years,
with the average age being 70. It affects more women than men, and
more caucasians than any other race. Whilst the condition is unusual,
it is by no means rare.
The Symptoms
Symptoms may include any of the following:
• Moderate to severe stiffness and pain near the neck, shoulders
and hips. This is often more severe upon waking or after inactivity.
• Fever
• Weight loss
• Lethargy
Polymyalgia rheumatica is sometimes associated with a potentially
serious
problem called temporal arteris. This condition causes inflammation
in the
arteries around the head and causes a severe headache and sometimes
visual changes. If either of these symptoms occur you should see
your doctor promptly. A diagnosis of temporal arteritis is generally
made after a small piece of artery from your forehead is taken and
examined under a microscope. Temporal arteritis may cause permanent
visual loss if left untreated.
Outlook
Without treatment polymyalgia rheumatica may last an average of
3-5 years. With treatment, symptoms can resolve within a few days
and complications are rare.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis will usually involve a physical examination, medical history
and blood tests. Blood tests help to rule out other causes of the
symptoms and support a suspected diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica.
Management
The treatment of choice for polymyalgia rheumatica is corticosteroid
medication, usually prednisolone. Occasionally anti-inflammatory
medications may be used. Appropriate exercise may also be of benefit.
Education
A better understanding of polymyalgia rheumatica will greatly assist
you in making decisions about the management of your condition.
The Arthritis Foundation of South Australia's education programs
can assist you to develop the skills and knowledge needed to make
these decisions. They also provide opportunities to meet others
in similar situations. The Arthritis Foundation of South Australia
can also put you in touch with local support groups, other relevant
organizations and appropriate exercise groups for your condition.
This information sheet was prepared by Jane Motley for Arthritis
Victoria.
The information presented is not intended to replace the medical
advice of your doctor or health care provider. Arthritis SA recommends
that you consult your doctor about specific medical conditions.
Other information and resources available
from Arthritis SA
Polymyalgia Rheumatica Fact Sheet
• Email advisors@arthritissa.org.au
(please include your postal address in email)
Telephone Advisory Service
9.30am - 3.30pm, Mon - Fri
8379 5711 or country free call on 1800 011 041
Moving Towards Wellness Course
6 weeks x 2.5 hours
click here "Self Management
Courses" for further information
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